Zur Hydroformylierung in ionischen Flüssigkeiten

The Hydroformylation reaction is one of the most important homogeneous catalysed reaction in industrial chemistry. For the technical application of homogeneous catalysis with an expensive metal complex it is essential to minimise the catalyst loss. One attractive possibility is to carry out the reaction in a liquid-liquid biphasic reaction system. Ionic liquids are suggested as novel catalyst solvents for the biphasic hydroformylation reaction. Ionic liquids are low temperature molten salts (< 80°C) with a non-molecular, ionic character. The application of ionic liquids in biphasic catalysis requires usually ionic catalyst/ligand systems to prevent catalyst leaching into the organic layer. In this thesis cationic ligands are presented and tested in hydroformylation reaction, which combine high activity, regioselectivity and the possibility for catalyst recycling. However, the advantage of product separation by using an ionic liquid medium is not limited to a biphasic reaction mode. Even in the case of a monophasic reaction mixture the non-volatile ionic catalyst solution is easily separated from the organic compounds by a distillation process. The catalyst can be reused several times without additional regeneration process and without loss in activity and selectivity