Sade's theatre: pleasure, vision, masochism

Sadeâs rehabilitation as a major Enlightenment writer has hitherto not extended to a re-evaluation of his dramatic works. With a theoretical framework inspired by psychoanalysis and dramatic theory, and attentive to eighteenth-century theoretical debates, Thomas Wynn demonstrates the value of these neglected works. This is the first study to consider the nature and implications of Sadeâs dramatic aesthetic, and to define the erotic quality of spectatorship in his experimental plays. Challenging the assumption that the gaze is sadistic, the author uses insights from film theory to argue that Sade adapts contemporary theatrical texts and practice to create an aesthetic distinct from that of his novels. Rather than replicate the style of such works as Les Cent vingt journées de Sodome, Sadeâs drama anticipates a masochistic model, as theorised by Theodor Reik and Gilles Deleuze. This analysis of Sadean spectatorship takes a thematic rather than chronological or text-by-text approach. The author argues that Sade, as an atheist materialist, focuses on the structural elements of theatre to produce visual pleasure rather than moral improvement, and that he elaborates an insistently visual dramatic aesthetic, a mode analogous to the linguistic saturation of the novelsâ tout dire. With reference to eighteenth-century obscene drama, theatre architecture and the history of visuality, the author explores the paradox that Sadeâs theatre is meant not for the stage, but for the private imagination. His visionary theatre is an example of the late eighteenth-century sublime, an aesthetic of the ineffable and the unrepresentable which, in its emphasis on the survival of the demeaned individual, structurally resembles masochism. Without deforming his technique or strategy, the author shows that Sadeâs voluptuous theatre â like his fiction â addresses an individual whose sovereignty in a godless world is intimately linked to the independent imagination. This book will be of interest to all those working in eighteenth-century drama and theory of spectatorship. After studying at the University of Cambridge, Thomas Wynn completed his DPhil in French at St Johnâs College, Oxford in 2004. As well as teaching at the Ecole normale supérieure in Paris, he has also been a post-doctoral fellow at Lincoln College, Oxford. He has published on Sade, cinema and eighteenth-century theatre, as well as contributing to the Complete works of Voltaire. His edition of Hénaultâs François II will be published shortly with the MHRA. Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Introduction: viewing pleasure 1. The theatre apparatus and masochistic spectatorship 2. Tancrède and tout montrer 3. Spectacle, artifice and genre 4. Masochism and the Sadean tableau 5. Limits of a visual theatre 6. Reading pleasure 7. A theatre of the sublime Conclusion Appendix: a chronology of Sadeâs plays Bibliography Index