Population-level changes to promote cardiovascular health.
- Jørgensen, T
- Capewell, S
- Prescott, E
- Allender, S
- Sans, S
- Zdrojewski, T
- De Bacquer, D
- de Sutter, J
- Franco, OH
- Løgstrup, S
- Volpe, M
- Malyutina, S
- Marques-Vidal, P
- Reiner, Z
- Tell, GS
- Verschuren, WM
- Vanuzzo, D
DOIAbstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) cause 1.8 million premature (<75 years) death annually in Europe. The majority of these deaths are preventable with the most efficient and cost-effective approach being on the population level. The aim of this position paper is to assist authorities in selecting the most adequate management strategies to prevent CVD. DESIGN AND METHODS: Experts reviewed and summarized the published evidence on the major modifiable CVD risk factors: food, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol. Population-based preventive strategies focus on fiscal measures (e.g. taxation), national and regional policies (e.g. smoke-free legislation), and environmental changes (e.g. availability of alcohol). RESULTS: Food is a com...
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