Effect of age and sex on efficacy and tolerability of β blockers in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: individual patient data meta-analysis
- Kotecha, D
- Manzano, L
- Krum, H
- Rosano, G
- Holmes, J
- Altman, DG
- Collins, PD
- Packer, M
- Wikstrand, J
- Coats, AJ
- Cleland, JG
- Kirchhof, P
- von Lueder, TG
- Rigby, AS
- Andersson, B
- Lip, GY
- van Veldhuisen, DJ
- Shibata, MC
- Wedel, H
- Böhm, M
- Flather, MD
DOIAbstract
To determine the efficacy and tolerability of β blockers in a broad age range of women and men with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) by pooling individual patient data from placebo controlled randomised trials. Prospectively designed meta-analysis of individual patient data from patients aged 40-85 in sinus rhythm at baseline, with left ventricular ejection fraction <0.45. 13 833 patients from 11 trials; median age 64; 24% women. The primary outcome was all cause mortality; the major secondary outcome was admission to hospital for heart failure. Analysis was by intention to treat with an adjusted one stage Cox proportional hazards model. Compared with placebo, β blockers were effective in reducing mortality across all a...
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