This Bachelor thesis focuses on the possibilities of using alternative fuels to operate the vehicle. In the first chapters, there is a review of fossil fuels used, its properties and monitored emission parameters. The following section is devoted to gas fuels, problems associated with the storage in the vehicle and engine modifications. Further are descri-bed biofuels, its production and application in combustion engines. Subsequently the electric vehicles is briefly described, current state and performance characteristics of this type of vehicles. The distribution of hybrid vehicle propulsion systems follows. The final section focuses on the economic comparison of selected alternative drives, its af-fordability and costs of operation