Nutrition as a nursing problem in children with celiac disease

The Thesis consists of the theoretical and research part. The theoretical part of the Thesis deals with the anatomy and physiology of the small intestine of the child. It also brings detailed characteristics of celiac disease and for the sake of interest we mentioned the interesting history of coeliac disease. Furthermore, we focus on the types, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and complications of celiac disease. Substantial part is devoted to nutrition, where we focus on its basic elements and, gradually, we walk through proper nutrition in children. In descending order we go through individual child periods, from infancy to adolescence, mentioning what nutrition is the best for the particular age period. The next chapter gives the detailed description of the gluten-free diet which must be kept by the coeliac patients during all of their lives. Research part of the Thesis is processed using the quantitative strategy. The objective of the Thesis was to find out which problems the coeliac children appearing at the paediatric gastroenterologist and the general practitioner for children and adolescents suffer from, as well as the assessment of these problems using nursing diagnosis: 0002 Imbalanced nutrition: less than the organism needs. The second objective of the Thesis was to determine differences in the incidence of celiac disease in children by sex and age when diagnosing this disease. The objectives faced 2 hypotheses. H1: There is a difference in the incidence of determining the signs and related factors in children registered in gastroenterology clinics and general paediatricians. H 2: The incidence of celiac disease will be higher in girls than in boys. To collect data, we chose a content analysis of documents, in our case, analysis of medical records of children at a gastroenterology outpatient department and at a general practitioner for children and adolescents. The data were being collected in the period from January to February 2014. The survey was conducted at the paediatric gastroenterology office of MUDr. Ivana Ženíšková in České Budejovice and at the general practitioner's office for children and adolescents of MUDr. Zdeňka Soukopová in Náměšt nad Oslavou. So as to process the research data we developed a research form - a record sheet, which contained 24 defining characters and 6 related factors from the nursing diagnose: 0002 Imbalanced nutrition: less than the organism needs. Furthermore, the research form included some demographic data: age, sex, home address, family predispositions, duration of breastfeeding, cage of the child at the introduction of complementary feeding, age when the disease is diagnosed, and what foods were first administered to the child. Another point we decided to include in the research form was the defining characteristics and related factors supplemented from the medical records of children. When processing the research data we used the linear method and recorded frequency of the incidence. The results of NANDA diagnoses validation were processed according to Fehring's DCV where we calculated the arithmetic mean, assigned appropriate values and included them in summary tables. The values in the tables are marked in colours, where the green colour marked very significant characteristics according to Fehring and the red one marked very little significant characteristics according to Fehring