Physiotherapeutic procedures affecting muscle imbalance of children of younger school age - attending classes for gifted children

This bachelor work is focused on muscle imbalance of gifted children of younger school age and possibility of its influence by using some physiotherapeutic approaches. Muscle imbalance is a condition where we can found imbalance between the muscles around a joint. Tonus of these muscles is not ideal, because some muscles (tonic muscles) are overloading and other (phasic muscles) are becoming weaker. Either setting of joint is not ideal in this condition because the joint is overloaded. If such a condition does not solve the pathology may get worse and other functional and structural changes can appear (Čermák, 2008; Kolář, 2009). The cause of muscle imbalance is inappropriate functional load such as excessive, inadequate or inappropriate qualitative claims applied on the muscle (Čermák, 2008). An example of such loading is carrying heavy backpacks, bad mattress, one-sided load, prolonged sitting in free time activities (TV, PC) or lifestyle (Petersen, 2013; Kolisko, Fojtíková, 2003). The theoretical part is gradually defined the term "gifted child", defined parts of the locomotor system, described motoric development of the child, explained issue of muscle imbalances. Furthermore selected researches works, outlined diagnostics of posture and last but not least mentioned some often used physiotherapeutic approaches to influence muscle imbalances and poor posture. The aim was to map the shortened and weakened muscle groups in chosen class for specially gifted. By using some physiotherapeutic approaches affect positively these imbalances and compare the results with children attending regular classes from researches which have been already carried out. The practical part is processed in the form of qualitative research. The research sample included 14 children attending the 4th grade for specially gifted children between 9 and 10 years. Collection of data was conducted by taking direct medical history, examination of the input, output test and podoscop examination. Four children also agreed with photographs of whole body. All has been done with the informed consent of the parents. The work can be used as educational material for medical professionals, patients or their families