Analysis of selected effects on milk production and fetility in holstein cattle herd

Cattle production plays a very important role in agriculture and economics. It provides key inputs to crop production, but it also forms an integral part of human nutrition. For us the most bred cash breed is Holstein cattle. Its share of the total cow population in the Czech Republic is now 57 percent. The average yield in Holstein cattle in the Czech Republic is 9000 kilograms of milk, making us one of the major EU countries. The aim of my bachelor?s dissertation was to evaluate selected influences on milk yield and fertility in high productive herd of Holstein cattle. Evaluation was hold in ?Agropodnik Košetice, stock company? Chyšná on the farm where is kept 389 Holstein milking cows. On milk cows were monitored indicators such as milk yield in kilograms of milk, lactation, age at first calving, calving month, height in loins, the length of service period and the course of involution of the uterus. From the ascertained results emerge a provable impact sequence from lactation and calving month on milk yield. Milk production in the first lactation was 9 526.97kg, 2nd lactation was 9 727.96kg, 3rd lactation was 10 628.06kg and 4th and other lactations were 11 272.52 kg. In the autumn there was higher milk production at milk cows were calved and the production was 11 163.48kg. The cows calved in summer was yield about 836 kg less. The influence of the length of uterine involution service period was statistically highly significant difference (P ? 0.001) between the healthy group and the group treated within 40 days. The length of a service period was 142.63 days at healthy cows. Cows that treated the longest took about 251 days. As statistically significant (P ? 0.01) was shown the influence of the height of loins at first born calf on milk yield in kilograms of milk. Highest heifers in the herd produced milk at 1 lactation of 10 222.94 kg. Cows with a height in loins up to 142 cm and from 143 cm to 146 cm produced the lactation about 1000 kg lower. Also, the impact of age at first calving and the yield in kilograms of milk on fertility was found to be statistically significant (P ? 0.01). At cows calved at the age of 652-700 days was the longest service period 176.86 days. Cows calved at the age of 751 days had the length of service period 118.67 days. As statistically insignificant was evaluated only the impact sequence of lactation on service period. The results show the importance of herd management, because whichever monitored has impact on affecting the economic efficiency of milk production