Production and optimization of cellulases produced in submerged fermentation (SmF) of sago waste by bacillus sp

One of the main obstacles in producing cellulase enzyme in the industries nowadays is it involved in high cost. Thus, an alternative way is utilizing microbes that yielded high cellulase production by using sago waste can help to reduce the enzyme production cost. Previous studies proved that microorganisms such as Bacillus sp. and fungi can be used to produce cellulases in Submerged Fermentation (SmF). Hence, this study was carried out to investigate the ability of Bacillus spp. in cellulase production by using a consortia of Bacillus spp in SmF. The Bacillus spp used were Bacillus licheniformis UMAS P7 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002. The consortium was tested under five fermentation parameters: incubation period, temperature, pH, different concentration of nitrogen source and different inoculum size. The cellulase production was evaluated based on the enzyme activity, which was measured by DNS method. The enzymes investigated in this study were CMCase and FPase. In this study, the consortium were able to produce high yield of cellulase after 16 h, at 27oC, phosphate buffer at pH 6.0, 2.5% of yeast extract and 5% of inoculum size. By using agricultural waste as the substrate, cellulase enzyme can be produced under a more environmental friendly technology