Etiological agents of enteric infections in children, their detection and identification in microbiological laboratory

The thesis deals with intestinal infections in children including cultivation and diagnostics of pathogens. The attention was focused on children population in the age up to 15 years. The practical part was carried out and the data was gained in the laboratory of Laboma, microbiology laboratory Ltd. The biological material was the smear from the rectum of an infected child. In the theoretical part the attention was paid to the most frequent intestinal agens. From the bacterial agens these are the representatives from the tribe Enterobacteriaceae. Beside intestinal these patogens cause also some other diseases. That is why the thesis is focused on the species Salmonella enterica, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli a Yersinia enterocolitica. Rotaviruses and adenoviruses belong among the mentioned viral pathogens. The objective of the thesis was the evaluation of the operating sequence from the reason of the fastest and the most accurate findings of etiological agens of a particular sick condition- in this case it is a diarrhoeal disease. Further it is the statistical data evaluation from the point of occurrence of intestinal pathogens (bacteria and viruses) in children in the year of 2008. During the identification of all agens I used the available diagnostic methods carried out in routine microbiology practice. In bacterial invadors they were: cultivation, isolation, serotypization, and final bio chemical identification (bio chemical row). In viral invadors they were: the determination of antigen in the stool on the basis of commercially produced tests. In biological material I proved the most of mentioned bacteria and viruses. I found out that for the replacement detection of bacteria Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis it is not possible to rely only on isolation and serotypization. The determination of fenotypical characteristics using bio chemical row is authoritative and designating. I evaluated the occurrence of the most agens in target population statistically. From the graph it is evident that in bacteria Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis dramatically prevails. The result of the study is the fact that if the microorgaism is to be correctly identified it is necessary to proceed according to the most suitable available diagnostic methods, by which means the risk of agens replacement is eliminated