The evaluation doses of irradiation on the skin of the patients after mastectomy with breast cancer by TLD and planning system with and without bolus.

My Bachelor thesis deals with the evaluation of doses of radiation on skin, in patients after a breast ablation for a carcinoma, with thermoluminescence dosimeters and planning consoles under bolus and without bolus. The thesis comprises two parts, a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the occurrence of breast tumour diseases, classification of tumour types and prevention of breast tumour diseases, as well as on the disease diagnostics and treatment. The practical part provides evaluation of a measurement related to a dose on the surface of patient{\crq}s skin and on the surface of Rando Phantom. Measurement results are presented in tables and graphs. In the practical part, we used the Rando Phantom for measurement of thermoluminescence dosimeters, an evaluation device for the evaluation of thermoluminescence dosimeters, bolus (tissue equivalent material) which increases the dose on body surface, homogeneous. The practical part and the entire Bachelor thesis compares radiation doses on the sin of patients after total mastectomy using bolus with doses measured on the surface of a phantom. Both the phantom and the patients were irradiated under the same radiation conditions. Results of measurements conducted at ONO in the České Budějovice Hospital show that an average dose obtained from individual thermoluminescence dosimeters is 1,88 Gy in a phantom with the use of bolus, 1,5 Gy in a phantom without vthe use of bolus, 2,14 Gy in patiens after total mastectomy usány bolus and 1,76 Gy in patients after total mastectomy without using bolus. When irradiating patients without the use of bolus, the dose permeates deep into the body and is lower, while with the use of bolus, the dose keeps on the body surface and corresponds to a dose defined in the treatment plan