Non-linear static analysis of masonry structures

A meso-scale model is used to model a masonry structure where bricks are modelled using finite volume elements and mortar joints are modelled using finite interface elements. A plasticity based cohesive zone model is used for the interfaces as cracks mainly propagate at the mortar joints. To avoid numerical problems associated with snapbacks observed in experiments on masonry walls, a dissipation based arc-length method is used to trace the static equilibrium path. Finally, a numerical simulation of a shear test on a 2 × 1.5 brick wall is performed