Nanocelluloses are a novel class of materials, which have drawn significant interest due to their potential for high-performance sustainable materials. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are an important subcategory of nanocelluloses, and this thesis explores possible routes for their processing in orderto achieve novel property combinations. Their morphology and surface properties as chemo-physical substrates are considered central for this purpose. Several polysaccharides adsorb irreversibly on the CNF surface upon mixing in aqueous conditions. Exploiting this tendency, Publication 1 presents a facile strategy for enhancing the properties of CNF-based materials, namely the wet mechanical properties, by physical adsorption of a stimulus-responsi...