The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to describe a procedure and to valorize the tax reform in Slovakia (in the Slovak Republic) that took places between years 2004 and 2006. Slovakia wanted to approach the optimal tax system which forms the elelemts of efficiency, justice, certainty and administrative simplicity and fiscal revenue. The main points of the tax reform was an introduction of a flat tax, simplification of a tax legislativ, elimination of large number of exceptions, release for assesment of the tax base and transfer the tax burden from the direct tax to the excise tax. I evaluate the effects of the tax reform in particular with the intention of the state budget and economic policy in Slovakia at the end of the bachelor thesis...