This thesis deals with the common property of spouses in case of business activities of one of the spouses. First chapter defines marriage and other related issues. Second chapter is the analysis of legal regulations of property relations between spouses since the days of Rome up to the present day, which influenced up-to-date legal regulations. Third chapter deals with the forms of ownership in marriage. Last chapter is about the most important issue of the thesis - common property of spouses and business activities. This chapter deals especially with the object of common property of spouses and with the possibilities of its modification