Updated distribution of the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) and its conservation issues in Serbia

Although the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) has been included in studies for several decades, the information about its distribution and the state of populations in Serbia is still incomplete. The data collected from the available literature sources, and those based on the authors' own field investigations, indicate that E. orbicularis occupies a large part of the territory of the Republic of Serbia, preferring aquatic biotopes at lower altitudes. We compiled a list of 287 localities where the presence of the pond turtle has been recorded. Of those, 14\% (40 localities) were known only from literature sources, localities added during our field investigations represent 82\% (235 sites), 4\% (12 localities) confirming literature data. We also gathered information on the main negative threats to the endurance of the pond turtle in Serbia. These are habitat pollution, degradation and destruction, and the spread of allochthonous invasive turtle species. Some protective and conservation measures are suggested in the conclusion.Ministry of Education, Sciences and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia {[}173043]; Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Serbia {[}401-00-00243/2014-08]; Rufford Small Grants Foundation {[}12291-1