Laporan Eksplorasi Flora Nusantara Kawasan Kalimantan Timur: Cagar alam Kersik Luway Kalimantan Timur

SUMMARYKalimantan is the name given to the Indonesia portion of the great island of Borneo. Borneo is the third largest island in the world after Greenland and New Guinea. Kalimantan covers 73% of Borneo's land mass. The four provinces, Kalimantan Barat (West Kalimantan) , Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan), Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan), and Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan). The north of Borneo comprises the Malaysian states of Sarawak and Sabah and the small independent Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam.This island lies on the equator in a region experiencing high temperatures throughout the year and within the wettest part of the Indonesian archipelago. These conditions and the island's geological and climatic history have encouraged speciation and high species diversity. The island is a major center for plant diversity, with 10,000 to 15,000 species of flowering plants. Endemism levels are high through the whole flora with about 34% of all plants, but only 59 genera are unique to the island .The Island is known as having the most species-rich habitat on earth. Forest types include mangrove, peat swamp and freshwater swamp forests, the most extensive heat forest (kerangas) in Southeast Asia, lowland dipterocarp forest and various montane formations. Costal habitats include beach vegetation, sea grass beds and coral reefThe heat forest can be found in Kersik Luway Nature Reserve, East Kalimantan. This nature reserve covers an area of 5000 hectares, including 400 hectares of heatland area. The habitat in this area is very specific, sandy quartz areas with thick peat moss upperside. Kersik Luway Nature Reserve is an area especially for conserving wild orchids. Many species of orchids were found abudantly in this area, but now the population decreases due to several forest fire.From 10-31 April 2002 there was an exploration of flora in Kersik Luway Nature Reserve and villages around this area. Collected was 135 number specimens, with 126 numbers belonging to non-orchid collections and 9 numbers belonging to orchid collections. The non-orchid collections consist of 49 families and 74 genera. The orchid collections consist of 8 genera. From all collections, 12 species are new collections for Bogor Botanic Garden. And Anggrek Isay (Eulophia graminea), which has never been seen before in this nature reserve, is a new recorded orchid from this area.vi, 32 hal