Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and body fatness with cardiovascular disease risk factors

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing but there is limited information on the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and body fatness with CVD risk factors, especially regarding postprandial lipaemia responses. This study investigated (1) the relationship between fitness and fatness with CVD risk factors and (2) whether fitness or fatness is a better predictor. Nine healthy sedentary young adult males (age: 24.4 ± 3.0 years; maximal oxygen consumption: 34.7 ± 4.9 ml·kg-1min-1; percent body fat: 22.0 ± 2.2 %) consumed a standardize meal between 18:00-21:00 on day-1 and fasted till 08:00 of day-2 when fasting blood sample was drawn. Subsequently, they ingested a test meal (1.21 g fat, 0.62 g carbohydrate, 0.29 g protein and ~60 kJ/kg body mass). Blood samples were taken hourly for 7 hours postprandially. The analyzed CVD risk factors were fasting concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.03 ± 0.55 mmol·L-1), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.30 ± 0.28 mmol·L-1) and triglycerides (0.89 ± 0.31 mmol·L-1), and postprandial triglycerides responses (total area under concentration versus time curve: 15.25 ± 9.62 mmol·L-1·7h; incremental area under curve: 9.05 ± 7.91 mmol·L-1·7h; peak concentration: 3.29 ± 2.31 mmol·L-1; time to peak concentration: 4.00 ± 1.12 h). No significant correlation was found between fitness and fatness with any of the CVD risk factors at p<0.05. However, fitness showed a tendency to be related to postprandial responses at p