Transdermal delivery of macromolecule from multifunctional microneedle patches

Transdermal drug delivery has a promising market which generates big revenue as well give better clinical outcomes by avoiding first pass elimination through oral administration and also painful experience through hypodermic injection. Due to skin natural properties as the first barrier to bacterial infection and prevent dehydration, drugs formulation in curing disease through transdermal patch is limited. Drug formulation for traditional Transdermal Delivery System has low molecular weight, less than 500 Da and high in hydrophobicity. Up to date, less than forty drug formulations were approved and commercially sold in the market. With the rapid advancement in medical field, more complex drug formulations available nowadays to deal with various diseases have relatively larger molecular weight which in turns limits the use of traditional transdermal patch as drugs administration route. After a few decades focus on transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS), 2nd generation with penetration enhancer was used by patient now and dense researches carried out all over the world to have 3rd generation with less clinical complications, more convenient for home use, and also cost efficient for mass vaccination campaigns in developing countries. Microneedle is one of the candidates that can physically alter skin’s properties to allow macromolecules to pass through. This project focused on finding the optimal protocol in fabricating biodegradable polymer microneedle and also add-on function to actively control drug release profile.Bachelor of Engineering (Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering