新加坡华族双语儿童描述负面身体动作所使用的动词分析 = An analysis of the verbs used by Singaporean bilingual Chinese children in their description of negative physical actions

动词习得一直都是语言学家非常关注的一类词汇习得。许多语言学家不断的研究儿童的动词习得特征，以便通过分析这些特征给出儿童语言教育相关的建议。本文将通过研究新加坡3-5岁儿童对于负面身体动作动词的双语使用情况，来分析以及讨论这个年龄段儿童负面身体动作动词习得的特征以及情况。3-5岁是儿童动词词汇量增长最快的年龄，因此研究这个年龄段的儿童能够更好的看出儿童学前的负面动词使用情况。本文通过分析负面动词使用情况来讨论动词的负面性对于儿童习得动词的影响。本研究包括了问卷调查和语言测试这两个部分。问卷主要是要调查被试儿童的基本资料、家庭背景、家庭语用情况、儿童语用情况和儿童身体动作动词词汇量。语言测试第一部分采用了国际认可的PPVT-4分别测试儿童英语和华语的程度是否达到儿童年龄的平均程度。测试的第二部分截取了PPVT-4里的身体动作动词图片，加入了一些其他的身体动作动词图片和录像来测试儿童身体动作动词的双语使用情况。最后测试结果通过SPSS统计，并对结果进行分析和加以讨论负面动词习得的特点和负面性产生的相对影响。The acquisition of verbs has always been an area of concern for linguists. Many linguists’ research is about children’s verb acquisition in order to find out the characteristics of verb acquisition and give suggestions to language education. This study researches on the usage of certain negative physical action verbs by Singaporean bilingual children between the ages of 3 to 5 in order to analyse and discuss the characteristics of negative physical action verb acquisition. Children between ages 3 to 5 are expanding their vocabulary very quickly; henceforth this study chose this age range to find out how they used this type of verbs in specific situations before their school age.This study discusses whether and how the negativity of specific action verbs affects the children’s use of these verbs. This study includes a parent report form and a language test. The parent report form asks about the children’s basic information, family background, family language usage and the child’s lexicon development of physical action verbs. The language test comes in 2 parts. The first part is the PPVT-4 test, which can indicate whether the children’s vocabulary level is within the range of standard developmentat these ages. The second part of the test chose some pictures from the standard PPVT-4 and added some other pictures and videos of action verbs that involve physical actions in order to test children’s English and Chinese usage of physical action verbs in their descriptions of these picture or videos. The results were analysed and collated using SPSS and the collated results were used to discuss the characteristics of the children’s use of the negative physical action verbs.Bachelor of Art