The navigation of the agriculture machines and sugarbeet fertilization in the system of precision agriculture

Razvoj precizne poljoprivrede započeo je uvođenjem GIS i GPS tehnologija u poljoprivrednoj mehanizaciji. Glavni cilj precizne poljoprivrede je dati na raspolaganje što veći broj preciznih informacija poljoprivredniku prilikom donošenja odluka. Precizna poljoprivreda je točno upravljanje varijacijama u polju kako bi se proizvelo više hrane koristeći manje resursa, smanjujući pri tome troškove proizvodnje i uvažavajući sve važnije pitanje zaštite okoliša. U ovom radu opisani su sustavi kojima je moguće automatsko navođenje poljoprivredne mehanizacije te je analizirana tehnologija gnojidbe šećerne repe u sustavu precizne poljoprivrede u tvrtki PIK Vinkovci dd. Za prikupljanje i obradu podataka korišten je specijalizirani GIS software za poljoprivredu Ag Leader SMS Advanced. Precizna gnojidba obavljena je raspodjeljivačem gnojiva Bogballe M3W koji je pogonjen traktorom navođenim Paradyme sustavom tvrtke Ag Leader. Dobiveni podaci o aplikaciji gnojiva i podaci o ostvarenim prinosima pokazali su da se korištenjem ove tehnologije ostvaruju značajne uštede mineralnog gnojiva bez smanjenja prinosa šećerne repe.The development of precision farming began with the introduction of GIS and GPS technology in agricultural mechanization. The main goal of precision farming is to make available a greater number of accurate information to the farmer when making decisions. Precision agriculture is accurately controling the variations in the field to produce more food using fewer resources, while reducing the manufacturing costs and taking into account the increasingly important issue of environmental protection. This paper describes the systems which can be used for automatic guidance of agricultural machinery and also analyze the technology of fertilization of sugar beet in the system of precision farming in the company PIK Vinkovci dd. For the collection and processing of the data, the specialized GIS software for Agriculture Ag Leader SMS Advanced was used. Precision fertilization was carried out with Bogballe M3W fertilizer spreader which was powered by a tractor guided with Paradyme system of Ag Leader company. The obtained data on the application of fertilizers and data on actual yield showed that the use of these technologies generate significant savings of fertilizers without reducing the yield of sugar beet