Vertical and horizontal analysis of financial statements Sugar factory Osijek Ltd.

Glavna djelatnost Tvornice Šećera Osijek d.o.o. je proizvodnja šećera preradom šećerne repe i sirovog šećera, a nusproizvodi su karbokalk, melasa i repini rezanci. Dioničko društvo konstituirano je 1905. godine, a odmah nakon toga započela je i gradnja tvornice. Članica je grupe Žito koja je fokusirana na proizvodnju kvalitetne hrane. Analiza financijskih izvještaja predstavlja temelj uspješnog poslovanja. Temeljni financijski izvještaji su bilanca, račun dobiti i gubitka, izvještaj o novčanim tokovima, izvještaj o promjenama kapitala i bilješke uz financijske izvještaje. U ovom radu provedena je horizontalna i vertikalna analiza bilance i računa dobiti i gubitka te je utvrđeno smanjenje prihoda, a povećanje rashoda. Tvornica šećera je samo 2016. godine ostvarila dobitak, a ostale promatrane godine gubitak. Analiza financijskih pokazatelja uspješnosti poslovanja pokazuje izrazito negativnu tendenciju. Koeficijent likvidnosti je ispod optimalne vrijednosti, zaduženost se povećava, a smanjuje se ekonomičnost zbog ostvarenih gubitaka.The main activity of Sugar factory Osijek ltd is producing sugar from sugar beet and raw sugar. By-products of the process are carbocalk (saturation sludge), molasses and beet pulp. Sugar Factory Osijek ltd was constituted in 1905 and soon after that began the building of the factory itself. The company is a member of Žito group which is focused on production of quality food. Analysis of financial statements is the foundation to a successful business. Basic financial statements are balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, statement of changes in equity and notes by the financial statements. Horizontal and vertical analysis of financial statements of balance and income statement were conducted in this research. According to horizontal analysis of income statement, incomes were lower and expenses were higher. Because of that, at the end of the business year, the factory had a negative financial result in three of four years. Analysis of financial performance indicators shows highly negative tendency. Coefficient of liquidity is below optimal value, indebtedness is growing and profitability is reducing because of the losses