The use of mycorrhizal fungi in vegetable and flower production

Mikorize su simbiozne asocijacije između gljiva i korijena viših biljaka. U ovom preglednom radu je obrađeno na koji način ovi mikroorganizmi tla mogu unaprediti proizvodnju povrća i cvijeća. Obzirom na rastuće zahtjeve u ekološkoj proizvodnji voća i regulativi prisutnoj u upotrebi sredstava za zaštitu, postoje utemeljene naznake da bi mikorizacija mogla biti korisna mjera u ekološki prihvatljivoj zaštiti bilja. Mikorizne gljive povećavaju biljnu otpornost na biotske i abiotske stresove, ponajviše otpornost na sušu, zaslanjenost tla te povećavaju biljnu otpornost na biljne bolesti i štetočine. Ukazuje se na pozitivna djelovanja mikorize na usvajanje hraniva od strane biljke, povećavaju njen vegetativni rast, kod nekih voćnih vrsta ubrzavaju vrijeme dozrijevanja i utječu na veličinu i kemijski sastav plodova. Cilj ovog rada je opisati glavne značajke mikoriznih asocijacija te na koji način se one mogu iskoristiti u ekološki prihvatljivijoj, i kroz povećanje prinosa, ekonomski isplativoj proizvodnji povrća i cvijeća.Mycorrhizas are symbiotic associations between fungi and the roots of a vascular host plant. In this descriptive paper the way these soil microorganisms can improve production of vegetables and flowers is elaborated. Considering the growing demands in ecological production of fruit and regulations present in the use of preservatives, there are justified indications that mycorrhization might be useful measure in environmentally sound plant protection. Mycorrhizal fungi increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, especially resistance to drought, soil salinity and protect plants from diseases. The attention is drawn to positive effects of mycorrhizas on the nourishment of the plant, they increase its vegetative growth, in some fruit species, they accelerate the ripening time and affect the size and chemical composition of the fruit. The aim of this paper is to describe the main features of mycorrhizal associations and how they can be used in an environmentally friendly, and through increasing yield, economically viable vegetable and flower production