Rak dojke u mladih žena: patološka i imunohistokemijska obilježja

A young woman with breast cancer is considered to be a woman younger than 40. According to the literature, breast cancer in the population of young women usually is of a higher histologic grade, unfavorable hormonal status, and overall higher mortality rate when compared with breast cancer occurring in older population. We compared pathologic and immunohistochemical features of breast carcinoma in women under 40 years of age with the respective features in women over 60 years of age. The following parameters were observed in these two groups: tumor size, lymph node status, histologic grade, hormonal receptor status, Ki-67 prognostic index, Her2/neu status, and histologic type of the tumor. Early onset breast carcinoma was found to have a higher frequency of tumor grade 3 (29% vs. 17%) and estrogen receptor negativity (45% vs. 23%). In the group of young women, breast carcinoma was mostly multicentric (23% vs. 5%), triple-negative (32% vs. 10%), and was found to have higher proliferation index Ki-67 (25% vs. 10%). Our results confirmed differences between the young and older groups of patients. In the group of young women, we found predominantly unfavorable prognostic parameters of the disease.Mladom ženom s rakom dojke smatra se žena mlađa od 40 godina. Prema literaturi rak dojke u populaciji mladih žena ima obično viši histološki stupanj i nepovoljan hormonski status. Puno je veći postotak smrtnosti u mladoj populaciji nego kada se karcinom javlja u starijoj životnoj dobi. Usporedili smo patološka i imunohistokemijska obilježja karcinoma dojke kod žena ispod 40 godina s odgovarajućim obilježjima među ženama iznad 60 godina. Sljedeći parametri su promatrani kod ove dvije skupine: veličina tumora, stanje limfnih čvorova, histološki gradus, status hormonskih receptora, prognostički indeks Ki-67, status Her2/neu i histološki tip tumora. Za karcinom dojke kod mladih žena utvrđeno je da ima veću učestalost tumora histološkog gradusa 3 (29% prema 17%) i negativnog statusa estrogenskih receptora (45% prema 23%). U skupini mladih žena rak dojke je uglavnom multicentričan (23% prema 5%), trostruko negativan (32% prema 10%) i ustanovljeno je da ima veći proliferacijski indeks Ki-67 (25% prema 10%). Naši rezultati potvrđuju razlike između mlade i starije skupine bolesnica. U skupini mladih žena utvrđeni su pretežito nepovoljni prognostički parametri bolesti