Influence of Solubility of Salts in the Water on Their Tendency to Dehydration of Crystal Hydrates

The process of regeneration of salts without the use of vacuum as an example of crystal hydrates with different solubility of the constituent salts in water are considered in the article. Middle orthophosphates of five alkali metal elements (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium) were investigated as an adsorbent. It is shown dependence of the dehydration temperature of crystal hydrates from the nature of metal elements that constitute them. It was identified a number of key factors that influence the crystalline regeneration process, namely a value factor of their solubility in water and base avidity, which is formed by hydrolysis of salts. It was proved that the optimal adsorbent that absorb water and binds it to the crystal hydrates, including one acid salts are salts of the least strong base. It is shown that the salts of sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium in this process cause an undesirable phenomenon - melting of crystallization water. Melting temperatures of orthophosphates of sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium in crystallization water were defined. It was proved that the most effective adsorbent is lithium orthophosphate