Faktor risiko obesitas pada ibu rumah tangga miskin = Obesity risk factors among poor housewives

Background: Food insecurity was associated with allocation of income for consumption of energy-dense foods that may cause obesity amongst poor family. In addition, low physical activity may lead to obesity, particularly among individual living in disadvantaged situation. Objective: To identify the risk factors of obesity among poor housewives in Yogyakarta. Method: This was a case control study, case group was obese housewives and the control group was non obese housewives. The locations of the study were Bumijo and Pringgokusuman which have high population density. The samples were taken purposively. Each groups consisted of 70 housewives (1:1) and were matched according to age. Mc.Nemar test and conditional logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors of obesity. Results: There were no signifi cant differences in characteristics between the two groups. Food insecurity reached 91,43% in the control group, while the proportion of excessive energy intake in the case group was higher than in control group (37.86% Vs 24.29%). Excessive fat intake in the case group was found in 30% subjects, compared to 28.57% in the control group. Low physical activity was found in 40% of subjects in the case group, and 10% of subjects in the control group. The result of Mc.Nemar test showed that food insecurity, energy and fat intake were not signifi cantly associated with obesity (p>0.05). While physical activity was associated with obesity (p=0.0001). The result of conditional logistic regression revealed that physical activity was the dominant risk factor for obesity among poor housewives (R2 =0.1916). Conclusion: Food security status was not a risk factor for obesity among poor housewives. Energy intake and fat intake contributed to the prevalence of obesity though the infl uence was weaker than physical activity