Ekosistim Padi, Antara Swa Sembada Pangan dan Penyakit Manusia

ABSTRACT Without downplaying the agricultural benefits, health professionals are increasingly concerned about the health risks associated with rice cultivation, notably the risks of human vector borne diseases. In many parts of the world, flooded rice fields and the associated irrigation system (water reservoir\u27s, rrigation and d rai nage canals) form an ideal breeding habitat for the malaria and Schistosomiasis. The association of Schistosomiasis with irrigated rice schemes is easily perceivedchildren and young adults frequently urinate blood. Malaria is more important but less visible to the outside world as illness leads either to death or recovery. Other important vector-borne diseases that are associated with rice cultivation are Japannese Encephalitis and Lymphatic filariasis. Environmental management measures for vector control include modifications or manipulations of the environment and measures aimed at a reduction of human vector contact. They can sustainably reduce vector populations and disease transmission levels and they are often consistent with good agricultural practice. Rice ecosystem management is the method of choice in an integrated control strategy in terms of technical feasibility, sustainability and cost effectiveness