PIROLISIS GETAH CARET DALAM REAKTOR PIPA LURUS DITINJAU DARI KINETIKA PEMBENTUKAN HASIL (PYROLYSIS OF RUBBER LATEX IN AN UPRIGHT TUBE REACTOR KINETICS OF PRODUCTS FORMATION)

ABSTRACT The needs for fuels are increasing steadily and almost all of them are dirived from petroleum, which at a certain time will be depleated. One of the efforts to anticipate this condition is pyrolyzing rubber latex, which contains hydrocarbon compound in the form of polyisoprene. If pyrolyzed, the latex will be decomposed to low hydrocarbons, which meet the specification of a certain fraction of petrolium product. The pyrolysis of rubber latex was carried out batchwise in an upright tube reactor, having a diameter 5.75 cm and 50 cm long. The top of the reactor was provided with a melting compartment heated by a niclin heater of 250 watt and a thermometer as temperature indicator. The reactor containing steel balls and catalyst was wrepped with niclin heater of 650 watt. To start the experiment, rubber latex was put in the melting comparment and then the reactor was heated. After the desired temperature was reached, the molten rubber latex was introduced into the reactor by opening the feed valve. The liquid and gas product were observed and noted every five minutes. Pyrolysis was carried out long enough until no more products came out of the reactor. The variabel studied were time, temperatures, and amount of catalyst. According to the tree lumps model, the formation of liquid, gas, and liquid + gas products followed first order reaction. The rate constant of the non catalytic reaction was affected by temperature exponentially: kx = 880,773 e 6817,01ky = 238,579 e 5917,6/T, and kz = 529,694 e 6398,5/T ( min.-1). At constant catalyst (270 g ), the rate constant was affected by temperature as follow: k" = 17,5700 e4574â¢601T, ka = 0.2100 e-21909/T, and kt = 67.58 e457404/1. (min.-1), while at constant temperature the amount of catalyst affected the rate constant as follow: k" = 0,01049 OAS" W, ka = 0,09402 â¬400028 W, and Icc = 0,30703 C4059 W (min.-\u27). Non catalytic pyrolysis at temperature of 400 0 C, produced maximum liquid and gas products of 76,66 % and 23,34 %, respectively, while catalytic pyrolysis using 14.67 g catalyst per gram of latex, yielded maximum liquid and gas products of 83.39 % and 16.61 %, respectively. At higher temperature (500 0 C), both the non catalytic and catalytic pirolysis produced higher gas than liquid products. The physical properties of the liquid product, was not so far from the spesification of kerosene and it gross heating value was 11.061 cal/ g. Keywords : pyrolysis, upright tube reactor, kinetic