Parallel architecture and algorithms for space weather prediction – A review

157-173A critical review is presented in this paper on parallel computing, including parallel algorithms and parallel architectures. Emphasis is laid on different interconnection networks, including recent efficient multi-mesh network. The role of parallel computing for design and analysis of adaptive sampling are pointed out. Different parallel computing platforms and their basic characteristics, along with some computing paradigms that are used in conjunction with adaptive designs are discussed. Some fundamental physical and numerical issues related to constructing modern numerical MHD codes for space weather prediction are outlined. Efficient execution of scientific simulations on high-performance parallel computers is focused. Scope for future development is also suggested