Peranan Pseudomonas fluorescens MR 96 pada Penyakit Layu Fusarium Tanaman Pisang

Pseudomonas fluorescens dilaporkan dapat menekan layu fusarium pada tanaman pisang, tetapi mekanisme kerja bakteri itu dalam mengendalikan penyakit belum diketahui. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari mekanisme kerja P. fluorescens strain MR 96 dalam menekan perkembangan layu fusarium pada tanaman pisang. Percobaan dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Solok, mulai Januari sampai dengan Desember 2001. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa P. fluorescens dapat menekan serangan penyebab layu fusarium dengan cara induksi resistensi tanaman pisang dan antibiosis, serta bakteri antagonis itu mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman pisang. Di samping itu, keefektifan bakteri antagonistik tersebut dalam menekan F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense tidak dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanah di sekitar rizosfer, tetapi perkembangan penyakit layu dan pertumbuhan tanaman pisang dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanah. Kata kunci : Musa sp.; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense; Pseudomonas fluorescens strain MR 96; Mekanisme antagonis ABSTRACT. Pseudomonas fluorescens MR 96 was reported of its ability to suppress fusarium wilt on banana plants, but the mechanism of the disease suppresion was not known. The aim of this research was to know the mechanism of P. fluorescens in controlling the disease on banana plants. The research was held in greenhouse of Indo- nesian Fruit Research Institute in Solok, from January until December 2001. The results of the research showed that P. fluorescens controlled the disease with resistance induction in banana plant and antibiosis mechanism, and the an- tagonistic bacteria affected the plant development. Beside that, effectiveness of the bacteria to control F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense was not affected by soil type in rizosphere, but wilt disease and banana plants growth were affected by soil type