Commissives and Directives Seen in ‘SpongeBob SquarePants: Sponge Out of Water’ Movie.

ABSTRACT Handayani, Soelis. 2015. Commissives and Directives Seen in ‘SpongeBob SquarePants: Sponge Out of Water’ Movie. Thesis. Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang. Advisor 1: Maria Hidayati, S.S, M.Pd, Advisor 2: Dr. Hj. Emalia Iragiliati, M.Pd Keywords: Speech Act, Illocutionary Act, Commissives, Directives, SpongeBob SquarePants This study deals with the analysis of speech acts, especially Commissives and Directives seen in ‘SpongeBob SquarePants: Sponge out of Water’ movie which is related to pragmatic studies. According to Austin cited in Thomas (1996:49) there are three main components of speech acts, Locution, Illocution and Perlocution, Each component has its own taxonomies in term of illocutionary acts. Then, Searle cited in Cummings (2005:120) expands the illocutionary act into five taxonomies namely: representative, commissive, directive, expressive and declaration. Additionally, Yule (1996:54) states that commissive and directive have the same key feature and general function. By using descriptive-qualitative method, the researcher explores the commissive and directive based on those theories to know the relevance of them. After watching and transcribing the movie, the researcher divided the data based on a plot which has five stages; those are introduction, rising action, climax, falling action and denouement. Afterwards, the researcher analyzed them by using Searle’s theory. The researcher found five types of commissive in the introduction, rising action and climax. The dominant type of commissive is promising with five utterances (35.7%), then followed by four utterances of threatening (28.6%), three utterances of volunteering (21.7%) and, refusing and offering with one utterance; each (7%). Meanwhile, there are eight types of directive in the whole stage. The dominant type of directive is asking with thirty eight utterances (35.8%) ,then followed by ordering with thirty-two utterances (30.1%), suggesting with nineteen (17.9%), persuading with seven utterances (6.6%), warning, begging, requesting with three utterance; each is 2.8% and urging with one utterance (0.9%). Asking and ordering are most dominant in the whole movie. Asking implies the curiosity of the character. It helps to deliver the story and makes audience to know the situation of the movie. Whereas, ordering tends to show the characteristic of the speaker that they have more power and strength. To conclude this study, the utterances spoken by the character show that the speaker could attempt the hearer to do something through commissive if the perlocutionary act of commissive is achieved. However, not all the commissive simply brings directives. Comparing with previous studies, the result of this study shows similar in term of the function. This study is expected to be used as reference about pragmatics especially about commissives and directives for students and lecturers. Meanwhile this study is limited in term of the data and the discussion. For future researchers, it is suggested that they explore another field such as a talk on television or in the radio, advertisement, newspaper (communication or story) and others. They can conduct the study concerning other type of illocutionary act