Rice anther culture to obtain doubled-haploids with multiple tolerances

Rice is an important crop in Indonesia. To extend upland rice planting out of Java needs cultivar tolerant to Al and resistant to blast. When planted in an intercropping system it must be tolerant to shade. Anther culture has been used to accelerate breeding program. The objective of the research was to obtain doubled-haploid lines from anther culture of double crosses of upland rice. The lines were then subjected to selection to obtain lines with multiple tolerances. Sixteen different crosses with parents of cultivars, accessions tolerant to Al and shade were obtained and their anthers were used as explants sources for anther culture. Results showed that 13 crosses could regenerate green plants, while three other crosses could not regenerate green plants. Agronomic characterization of 92 doubled-haploid lines showed that 24 lines had seed production more than 26 g per hill. Further selection to Al stress in a hydroponics test, a quick test of a full darkness, and selection with 4 races of blast fungi showed that 5 lines both tolerant to Al and shade and resistant to 4 races of blast, 11 lines tolerant to Al and resistant to 4 races of blast, one line tolerant to shade also resistant to 4 races of blast, and 2 lines sensitive to both Al and shade but resistant to 4 races of blast. This result showed that anther culture can be used to speed upland rice breeding program