Landscape-town-planning reconstruction of the spatially-planning structure of destroyed cities (On the example of the cities of Baghdad and Mosul)

The problem of restoring the spatial planning structure of the major cities of Iraq - Baghdad and Mosul, destroyed during the war of 2003-2011. Is currently relevant for ensuring their sustainable development and the formation of a comfortable, safe and environmentally-oriented urban environment. The study of the dynamics of the transformation of urban fabric of Baghdad and Mosul has a number of historical and methodological features related to specific socio-economic, cultural, historical and landscape-urban conditions that ensure their sustainable development in the future. An analysis of the dynamics of changes in the urban fabric of Baghdad and Mosul, which occurred as a result of military operations in these cities, made it possible to determine the priority areas of urban development, which in the future will ensure the formation of sustainable spatial planning structures of these cities. Proceeding from landscape, ecological and historical-architectural and urban development features of the cities of Baghdad and Mosul, the priority direction is landscape-urban reconstruction, based on the principles of landscape urbanism, which will restore and make accessible to residents and visitors of the city the lost historical and architectural objects, preserve identity historical and cultural environment through integration with the transport and green framework, linking the functional and planning zones of the city in a single “infrastructur” At present, such a strategy of urban transformation is used in the restoration of the historical cities of Iraq - Baghdad and Mosul