Error Analysis of PDR System Using Dual Foot-mounted IMU

In this paper, we analyze the position errors of the pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) system using foot-mounted IMU attached to each foot, and implement PDR system using dual foot-mounted IMU to reduce the analyzed error. The PDR system using foot-mounted IMU is generally based on an inertial navigation system (INS). To reduce bias and white noise errors, INS is combined with zero velocity update (ZUPT), which assumes that the pedestrian shoe velocity is zero at the stance phase. Although ZUPT could compensate the velocity and position, the heading drift still occurs. When analyzing the characteristics of the position error, the error shows a symmetrical characteristic. In order to reduce this error, the previous researches compensate for both positions by applying feet position constraints. The algorithm consists of applying a conventional PDR system to each foot and fusion algorithm combining both. The PDR system using foot-mounted IMU, one on each foot, is based on integration approach separately. The positions of both feet should be in a circle with a radius as step length during walking. The designed filter is constrained so that the position of both feet are in a circular boundary. The heading error that is symmetrically drifted is corrected by the position constraint when the pedestrian moves straight. Experimental results show the performance and usability of each previous algorithm to compensate for symmetric heading errors