As detailed in the chapters in this book, cognitive mapping research has developed over the past forty years into a vibrant and multidisciplinary field of study, with several discernible sub-fields. Whilst the studies that compose the body of cognitive mapping research provide both breadth and depth, it is clear that there are still many facets of spatial knowledge that remain unexamined or are in need of further investigation. Indeed, the volume of research within each sub-field is highly uneven, with some focuses receiving a disproportionate amount of attention. Moreover, most sub-fields are characterized by a set of divergent and competing findings and theories, each seeking to adequately explain how we learn, store, process and use sp...