Numerical simulation of strain hardening and recrystallization in the hot forming processes

Recent developments for the finite-element modelling of the plastic forming of the metallic materials are described in the paper. The model consists of three parts ; mechanical, thermal and microstructural components. First two are described in earlier publication and the focus here is put on the modelling of the microstructural phenomena. Two approaches are described. First uses conventional closed-form equations describing processes of recrystallization and grain growth. Second employs three differential equations giving time derivatives of the dislocation density, recrystallized volume fraction and the grain size