X-ray plasma diagnostics

Results and methods are given for the investigation of hot laboratory and astrophysical plasmas parameters in a soft X-ray region λ = 1-40 Å. Line spectra of multiply charged ions are usually studied experimentally, and relative intensities of spectral lines are measured. Achievements of modern physics of electronion collisions and theoretical spectroscopy make it possible to obtain for transient plasma the electronic temperature, density, ionization stage, and to investigate time and spatial distributions of these parameters