Dampak Perubahan Iklim terhadap Sumberdaya Air: Identifikasi, Simulasi, dan Rencana Aksi

Abstrak. Perubahan iklim saat ini telah terjadi secara global. Bukti-bukti tentang hal itu telah dilaporkan secara sistematis oleh Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dan The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Perubahan iklim telah dan akan menyebabkan bahaya langsung berupa perubahan pola curah hujan, kenaikan suhu, kenaikan muka air, dan kejadian iklim ekstrim. Berbagai proses yang memicu perubahan iklim global dan perubahan iklim telah diterima banyak pihak sebagai keniscayaan yang dicirikan oleh pemanasan global, dengan dampak langsung terhadap daur hidrologi, sehingga perubahan iklim diyakini memberi dampak secara nyata terhadap sumberdaya air di banyak wilayah di dunia dengan konsekuensi luas pada kehidupan masyarakat dan lingkungan. Makalah ini membahas dampak perubahan iklim terhadap sumberdaya air di Indonesia melalui identifikasi dengan data dan fakta empirik terjadinya tren perubahan curah hujan dan debit aliran sungai‐sungai di Indonesia dan berbagai upaya antisipasi melalui adaptasi, serta Undang Undang dan Rencana Aksi yang terkait dengan pengelolaan sumberdaya air dalam menyikapi perubahan iklim global. Upaya-upaya tersebut diharapkan menjadi strategi untuk mengurangi kerentanan dan risiko perubahan iklim sektor sumberdaya air.Abstract. Climate change has been occurring globally. Evidence of it has been reported systematically by Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate change has and will cause immediate impact on changes in precipitation patterns, rising temperatures, sea level rise, and extreme climate events. The processes that lead to global climate change and climate change has been accepted by many as a necessity which is characterized by global warming, with a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, so that climate change is believed to significantly impact on water resources in many regions of the world with broad consequences on people's lives and the environment. This paper discusses the impact of climate change on water resources in Indonesia through identification with the scientific evidence of the empirical facts and data change trend in rainfall and river flow rivers in Indonesia, shows the various efforts to anticipate through adaptation, and Law and Action Plan related to water resources management in facing of global climate change. These efforts are expected to be a strategy to reduce vulnerability and risks of climate change on the water resources sector