Synergies between Fission and Fusion Nuclear Energy

The development of the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor ITER, especially blanket test modules and plasma facing components face similar technology issues as fast neutron fi ssion reactors and high temperature reactors. Indeed, high temperature and fast neutron irradiation call for the development of robust structural materials and extended rules for the mechanical design of both types of nuclear systems. Tritium breeding and management as fusion fuel call for the optimisation of fusion blankets in comparable aspects to fi ssion reactor cores: neutronics, thermal management with diverse coolants, and mechanical design suited to the aimed lifetime and maintenance in service conditions. Furthermore, large Fusion Experimental Reactors such as ITER and successors that will operate large D-T plasma and generate intense neutron fl uxes need to be licensed such as fi ssion reactors with an adapted regulatory process. Such commonalities in terms of technologies, design goals and methods, as well as safety approach, constitute synergistic aspects of R&D on nuclear fusion and fi ssion systems. Furthermore, they create new opportunities of cooperation and enhancement of education in nuclear physics and engineering. Synergies are expected to further develop as ITER’s next step DEMO design and technology need to be addressed (by 2040). Enhancing the cross-fertilization of the Euratom Fission and Fusion R&D programmes calls for exchanges of strategic planning, and therefore calls for a more integrated organization of the R&D on fi ssion reactors to make it parallel to that for Fusion in Europe. The implementation of a “Sustainable Nuclear Fission Technology Platform” that is considered in the 7th Framework programme should be a first step in this direction