Characterization and antioxidant activity study of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) ethanol extract

Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit. Secang mengandung senyawa fenolik seperti asam gallat, brazilin dan brazilein. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak etanol secang, mengevaluasi kandungan fenolik total dan menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol secang. Karakterisasi simplisia secang diperoleh susut pengeringan sebesar 10,349 %, kadar sari larut air sebesar 3,293 %, kadar sari larut etanol sebesar 6,026 %, kadar abu total sebesar 0,6509 % dan kadar abu tidak larut asam simplisia adalah sebesar 0,480 %. Karakterisasi ekstrak etanol secang diperoleh kadar abu total sebesar 1,26 %, kadar abu tidak larut asam ekstrak sebesar 0,059 %, kadar air ekstrak didapatkan hasil 8,63 %. Kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol secang adalah 71,144 g/100g. Semakin tinggi kadar fenolik total, maka semakin tinggi pula aktivitas antioksidannya. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol secang ditentukan dengan metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) dan hasilnya adalah 13,99 mmol Fe(II)/100g.Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is traditionally used to treat various diseases. Sappan wood contains phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, brazilin and brazilein. The purposes of this study were to characterize the Sappan wood simplecia and ethanol extract, evaluate the total phenolic content and determine the antioxidant activity of Sappan wood ethanol extract. Characterization of Sappan wood simplicia obtained by loss of drying equal to 10.349 %, water soluble compounds was 3.293 %, ethanol soluble compounds was 6.026 %, total ash content was 0.6509% and ash content insoluble in acid was 0.480 %. Characterization of Sappan wood ethanol extract obtained total ash content was 1.26 %, ash content insoluble in acid was 0.059 % and water content yielded 8.63 %. The total phenolic content of Sappan wood ethanol extract was 71.144 g / 100g. The higher of the total phenolic content, the higher the antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of wood secang was determined by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method and the result was 13.99 mmol Fe (II) / 100g