Short-fragment Na-DNA dilute aqueous solutions: Fundamental length scales and screening

Dielectric spectroscopy is used to investigate fundamental length scales of 146 bp short-fragment (nucleosomal) dilute Na-DNA solutions. Two relaxation modes are detected: the high- and the low-frequency mode. Dependence of the corresponding length scales on the DNA and on the (uni-valent) salt concentration is studied in detail, being different from the case of long, genomic DNA, investigated before. In low-added-salt regime, the length scale of the high-frequency mode scales as the average separation between DNAs, though it is smaller in absolute magnitude, whereas the length scale of the low-frequency mode is equal to the contour length of DNA. These fundamental length scales in low-added-salt regime do not depend on whether DNA is in a double-stranded or single-stranded form. On the other hand, with increasing added salt, the characteristic length scale of the low-frequency mode diminishes at low DNA concentrations probably due to dynamical formation of denaturation bubbles and/or fraying in the vicinity of DNA denaturation threshold