Rapid Estimation Of The Manufacturing Cost Of Extracts Obtained By Supercritical Fluid Extraction

In spite of the scientific knowledge and the large availability of raw materials having sufficient quality and cost, there is no industrial supercritical fluid extraction unit in any of the South American countries. Supercritical fluid extraction is associated with high investment costs; nowadays, an easy method for technical-economical evaluation of supercritical fluid process is not available. Thus, a simple method to estimate the cost of manufacturing of extracts by supercritical fluid technology is presented. The manufacturing costs of clove bud oil and ginger oleoresin were estimated using the procedure proposed. The production of clove bud oil was economically feasible at the quoted extraction condition; its manufacturing cost approximately a fourth of the market price. The manufacturing cost of ginger oleoresin was close to its selling price at the extraction condition considered. This is mainly due to the strong influence of the investment on the cost of manufacturing ginger extracts by supercritical extraction due to the requirement of long extraction times. Nonetheless, some other characteristics of the ginger oleoresin such as the quantity and the availability of gingerols and shogaols should be considered. Additionally, further process parameter studies directed to the increase of the extraction rates should be considered before disregarding the supercritical fluid extraction as a viable process. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.671-2235240Bravi, M., Bubbico, R., Manna, F., Verdone, N., (2002) Chemical Engineering Science, 57, pp. 2753-2764Brunner, G., (1994) Gas Extraction: An Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes, , New York: SpringerChordia, L., Robey, R., Industrial applications of supercritical fluids (2000) Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids, Atlanta, USACrause, J.C., Nieuwoudt, I., Paraffin wax fractionation: State of the art vs. supercritical fluid fractionation (2003) Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 27, pp. 39-54(2003), www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/bda/agric/default.asp, Accessed in September 29, 2003(2003), www.libertynatural.com/bulk/bulking.htm, Accessed in October 26, 2003Martinez, J., Monteiro, A.R., Rosa, P.T.V., Marques, M.O.M., Meireles, M.A.A., Multicomponent model to describe extraction of ginger oleoresin with supercritical carbon dioxide (2003) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 42 (5), pp. 1057-1063Meireles, M.A.A., Supercritical extraction from solid: Process design data (2001-2003) (2003) Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 7, pp. 321-330Mendes, M.F., Pessoa, F.L.P., Uller, A.M.C., An economic evaluation based on an experimental study of the vitamin E concentration present in deodorizer distillate of soybean oil using supercritical CO2 (2002) Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 23, pp. 257-265Moreschi, S.R.M., Petenate, A.J., Meireles, M.A.A., Hydrolysis of ginger bagasse starch in subcritical water and carbon dioxide (2004) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, pp. 1753-1758Nobrega, L.P., Monteiro, A.R., Meireles, M.A.A., Marques, M.O.M., Comparison of ginger (Zingiber officiale Roscoe) oleoresin obtained with ethanol and isopropanol with that obtained with pressurized CO2 (1997) Ciências E Tecnologia De Alimentos, 17 (4), pp. 408-412Nodari, R.O., Guerra, M.P., Biodiversidade: Aspectos biológicos, geográficos, legais e éticos (1999) Farmacognosia: Da Planta Ao Medicamento, p. 833. , Simões et al. (Eds.) Universidade - UFRGS: Porto Alegre, BrazilPerrut, M., Supercritical fluid applications: Industrial developments and economic issues (2000) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 39 (12), pp. 4531-4535Rodrigues, V.M., Sousa, E.M.B.D., Monteiro, A.R., Chiavone-Filho, O., Marques, M.O.M., Meireles, M.A.A., Determination of the solubility of extracts from vegetable raw material in pressurized CO2: A pseudo-ternary mixture formed by cellulosic structure plus solute plus solvent (2002) Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 22 (1), pp. 21-36Sovová, H., Rate of the vegetable oil extraction with supercritical CO2. 1. Modeling of extraction curves (1994) Chemical Engineering Science, 49 (3), pp. 409-414Teja, A.S., Eckert, C.A., Commentary on supercritical fluids: Research and applications (2000) Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 39, pp. 4442-4444Turton, R., Bailie, R.C., Whiting, W.B., Shaeiwitz, J.A., (1998) Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Chemical Process, , PTR, Upper Saddle River: Prentice HallUlrich, G.D., (1984) A Guide to Chemical Engineering Process Design and Economics, , New York: John Wiley & Son