Natural Ph Indicators: Using Paper Or Solution? [indicadores Naturais De Ph: Usar Papel Ou Solução?]

In this work, the fruit extracts of Morus nigra - mulberry, Syzygium cuminii - jambolão, Vitis vinifera - grape, Myrciaria cauliflora - jabuticaba are suggested as pH indicators in the form of either solutions or paper. The pH indicator solutions were prepared by soaking the fruits or their peels in ethanol 1:3 (m/V) for 24 h, followed by simple filtration. The pH indicator papers were prepared by imersion of the qualitative filter paper strips in the pH indicator solutions. The different pH leads to color changes in the indicator solutions or papers and it can be used for teaching elementary chemistry concepts.254684688Ross, E., (1989) Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, p. 127. , Elvers, B.Hawkins, S.Ravenscroft, M.Schulz, G., eds.VCR: New YorkBaccan, N., Andrade, J.C., Godinho, O.E.S., Barone, J.S., (1979) Química Analítica Quantitativa Elementar, 2a ed., p. 46. , Ed. Unicamp: CampinasBányai, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 1. , Bishop, E., ed.Pergamon Press OxfordBoyle, R., (1663) Experiments upon Colors, 2. , LondonBishop, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 2. , Pergamon Press: OxfordBoyle, R., (1744) Works, 2, p. 53. , LondonBishop, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 2. , Pergamon Press: OxfordOesper, R.E., (1964) J. Chem. Educ., 5, p. 285Arrhenius, S., (1887) Z. Phys. Chem., 1, p. 631Berg, T., (1775) Preface to Scheffer, H. T., Chemische Föreläsningar, , Uppsala, conforme citação em RanckeMadsen, E., (1958) The Development of Titrimetric Analysis Till 1806, p. 68. , CopenhagenDuClos, S., (1731) Mném Acad. Roy. Sci. Paris, 4, p. 43. , Depuis 1666, Jusqu'à 1699Bishop, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 8. , Pergamon Press: OxfordIorden, E., A Discourse of Natural Bathes and Mineral Waters, 2nded., p. 1632. , LondonBishop, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 8. , Pergamon Press: OxfordBoyle, R., Short Memoirs for the Natural Experimental History of Mineral Waters, p. 1684. , LondonBishop, E., (1972) Indicators, p. 8. , Pergamon Press: OxfordIkan, R., (1969) Natural Products - A Laboratory Guide, p. 17. , Israel University Press: JerusalèmWillstätter, R., Everst, A.E., (1913) Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem., 401, p. 189Pratt, D.D., Robinson, R., (1922) J. Chem. Soc., p. 1577Timberlake, C.F., Bridle, P., (1975) The Flavonoids, p. 215. , Harbone, J. B.Mabry, T. J.Mabry, H., ed.Academic Press: New YorkGross, J., (1987) Pigments in Fruits, p. 59. , Academic Press: LondonAlkema, S., Seager, S., (1982) J. Chem. Educ., 59, p. 183Foster, M., (1978) J. Chem. Educ., 55, p. 107Mebane, R.C., Rybolt, T.R., (1985) J. Chem. Educ., 62, p. 285Barry, D.M., (1997) J. Chem. Educ., 74, p. 1175Timberlake, C.F., Bridle, P., (1975) The Flavonoids, p. 223. , Harbone, J. B.Mabry, T. J.Mabry, H., ed.Academic Press: New YorkBrouillard, R., Iacobucci, G.A., Sweeny, J.G., (1982) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 104, p. 7585Couto, A.B., Ramos, L.A., Cavalheiro, E.T.G., (1998) Quim. Nova, 21, p. 221Soares, M.H.B., Cavalheiro, E.T.G., (2001) Quim. Nova, 24, p. 408(1995) Quìmica Nova na Escola, 1, p. 33Curtiright, R.D., Rynearson, J.A., Markwell, J., (1994) J. Chem. Educ., 71, p. 682http://www.mec.gov.br/semtec/ensmed/pcn.shtmhttp://www.mec.gov.br/Sesu/diretriz.shtmhttp://www.bibvirt.futuro.usp.br/acervo/paradidat/frutas/uva/uva.htmlhttp://www.bibvirt.futuro.usp.br/acervo/paradidat/frutas/jambolao/ jambolao.htmlhttp://www.bibvirt.futuro.usp.br/acervo/paradidat/frutas/amora/amora.htmlhttp://www.bibvirt.futuro.usp.br/acervo/paradidat/frutas/jabuticaba/ jabuticaba.htmlRossi, A.V., Pinheiro, T.L., (2000) Livro de Resumos do VIII Congresso Interno de Iniciação Científica da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, , Campinas, BrasilHoshiro, T., Matsumoto, U., Goto, T., (1981) Phytochemistry, 20, p. 1971Goiffon, J.P., Mouly, P.P., Gaydou, E.M., (1999) Anal. Chim. Acta, 382, p. 39Robards, K., Antolovich, M., (1997) Analyst, 122, pp. 11RLee, H.S., Hong, V., (1992) J. Chromatogr., 624, p. 221Terci, D.B.L., Rossi, A.V., (2000) Projeto de Mestrado, , Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasi