Study of a 1D interacting quantum Bose gas

The loading of a Bose-Einstein condensate into a deep two-dimensional optical lattice provides a unique way to study one-dimensional Bose gases: the strong radial confinement freezes any motion in two dimensions, and for deep enough lattices, the system can be seen as an array of independent 1D “tubes.” For our experimental parameters, the 1D gas is predicted to be in an intermediate regime between the Tonks-Girardeau and the Thomas-Fermi regimes. We performed experiments showing that some long range phase coherence is present in this regime. We investigated correlation properties of these gases by studying their collective oscillations. In addition, we investigated the 1D Mott transition by adiabatically loading the 1D gases into a 1D optical lattice