Comparative Analysis Of Engine Generator Performance Using Diesel Oil And Biodiesels Available In Paraná State, Brazil

Biodiesel is an alternative energy source used in internal combustion engines (ICE), as a replacement for diesel oil. In general, the farming and livestock activities can be used to obtain biomass sources for bioenergy production. Several raw materials (fatty acids sources) obtained from renewable sources can be employed to biodiesel production, providing biofuels with distinct physicochemical properties. Also, in Paraná State, Brazil, products such as soybean oil, sunflower oil, beef tallow, and chicken fat are used for biodiesel manufacturing. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the engine generator performance using biodiesels obtained from soybean, sunflower, chicken fat and beef tallow compared to mineral diesel. The tests were performed using an engine with power of 7.36 kW on an electric generator with power of 5.5 kW. In engine load simulation, it was used as resistor bank, being the power generation selected on dashboard controller in the following sequences: 1.0 kW, 2.0 kW, 3.0 kW and 4.0 kW. The engine generator performance was evaluated by specific fuel consumption (SFC) and efficiency (η). In general, the engine SFC using biodiesels was higher, when compared to diesel oil. However, the overall efficiency of engine generator with biodiesels was higher, with gain of up to 2.0%. Among the biodiesels compared to diesel oil, the best results for engine generator performance were obtained, respectively, from sunflower and soybean oils, due to lower increase in the SFC (7.6%) and slight increase in the overall efficiency. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.17278282Shahid, E.M., Jamal, Y., A review of biodiesel as vehicular fuel (2008) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12, pp. 2484-2494Xue, J., Grift, T.E., Hansen, A.C., Effect of biodiesel on engine performances and emissions (2011) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, pp. 1098-1116Corrêa, I.M., Maziero, J.V.G., Úngaro, M.R., Bernardi, J.A., Storino, M., Desempenho de motor diesel com misturas de biodiesel de óleo de girassol (2008) Ciência Agrotecnologica, 32 (3), pp. 923-928(2012) Brasília: Governo Federal, p. 22. , http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/indicadores/agropecuaria/ producaoagropecuaria/abate-leite-couro-ovos_201004_publ_completa.pdf, IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Estatística da produção pecuária - indicadores IBGE Relatório.[accessed 11.02.12]Gomes, L.F.S., Souza, S.N.M., Baricatti, R.A., Biodiesel produzido com óleo de frango (2008) Acta Scientiarum Technology, 30, pp. 57-62(2012) Números da Pecuária Paranaense: Governo Do Estado Do Paraná, p. 6. , http://www.agricultura.pr.gov.br/arquivos/File/deral/nppr.pdf, SEAB - Secretaria de Estado da Agricultura e do Abastecimento Relatório.[accessed 19.09.12](2012) ANP - Agência Nacional Do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis. Produção Nacional de Biodiesel Puro - B100 (Barris Equivalentes de Petróleo), , http://www.anp.gov.br/?pg=61929&m=&t1=&t2=&t3=&t4= &ar=&ps=&cachebust=1348336489789, Brasília: Governo Federal.[accessed 18.09.12](2012) CONAB - Companhia Nacional Do Abastecimento. Acompanhamento da Safra Brasileira - Grãos, Décimo Segundo Levantamento, , http://www.conab.gov.br/OlalaCMS/uploads/arquivos/ 12_09_06_09_18_33_boletim_graos_-_setembro_2012.pdf, Brasília: Governo Federal.[accessed 20.09.12]Fiorese, D.A., Gomes, L.F.S., Snm, S., Dallmeyer, A.U., Romano, L.N., Metodologia experimental para avaliação de custos de produção e utilização de biodiesel: Estudo de caso de quatro ésteres metílicos e óleo diesel comercial (2011) Ciência Rural, 41 (11), pp. 1921-1926Volpato, C.E.S., Conde, A.P., Barbosa, J.A., Salvador, N., Desempenho de motor diesel quatro tempos alimentado com biodiesel de óleo de soja (B 100) (2009) Ciência Agrotecnológica, 33 (4), pp. 1125-1130Ferrari, R.A., Oliveira, V.S., Scabio, A., Biodiesel de soja - Taxa de conversão em ésteres etílicos, caracterização físico-química e consumo de energia (2005) Química Nova, 28 (1), pp. 19-23Raheman, H., Phadatare, A.G., Diesel engine emissions and performance from blends of karanja methyl ester and diesel (2004) Biomass and Bioenergy, 27, pp. 393-397Soranso, A.M., Filho, A.G., Lopes, A., Souza, E.G., Dabdob, M.J., Furlani, C.E.A., Camara, F.T., Desempenho dinâmico de um trator agrícola utilizando biodiesel destilado de óleo residual (2008) Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Aagrícola e Ambiental, 12 (5), pp. 553-559Castellanelli, M., Souza, S.N.M., Silva, S.L., Kailer, E.K., Desempenho de motor ciclo Diesel em bancada dinamométrica utilizando misturas diesel/biodiesel (2008) Engenharia Agrícola, 28 (1), pp. 145-153Utlu, A.Z., Koçak, M.S., The effect of biodiesel fuel obtained from waste frying oil on direct injection diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions (2008) Renewable Energy, 33, pp. 1936-1941Bora, D.K., Baruah, D.C., Das, L.M., Babu, M.K.G., Performance of diesel engine using biodiesel obtained from mixed feedstocks (2012) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, pp. 5479-5484Qi, D.H., Geng, L.M., Chen, H., Bian, Z.H., Liu, J., Ren, X.C.H., Combustion and performance evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel produced from soybean crude oil (2009) Renewable Energy, 34, pp. 2706-2713Panwar, N.L., Shrirame, H.Y., Rathore, N.S., Jindal, S., Kurchania, A.K., Performance evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with methyl ester of castor seed oil (2010) Applied Thermal Engineering, 30, pp. 245-249Silva, M.J., Souza, S.N.M., Souza, A.A., Martins, G.I., Secco, D., Motor gerador ciclo diesel sob cinco proporções de biodiesel com diesel (2012) Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 16 (3), pp. 314-320Barbosa, R.L., Silva, F.M., Salvador, N., Volpato, C.E.S., Desempenho comparativo de um motor de ciclo diesel utilizando diesel e misturas de biodiesel (2008) Ciência Agrotecnológica, 32 (5), pp. 1588-159