Fluid Dynamic Study For Copper Removal Onto Modified Clay In Fixed Bed

Toxic metals cannot be biodegraded or destroyed, which leads to the need of their removal from industrial wastewaters. Therefore, so that you can design and optimize removal equipment (ion exchange/ adsorption column) is essential to characterize the adsorbent and to know the dynamics of adsorbate components in the experimental system. In this work, the bentonite clay called Fluidgel, from the northeast region of Brazil, calcined at 750 °C, was used as adsorbent for copper removal. The characterization methods used were Thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption (BET), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The removal of copper from aqueous solution was carried out in a fixed bed, built in glass with 15 cm high and 1.5 cm in internal diameter. Several dynamic experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of flow in adsorption efficiency. The experiments were accomplished at room temperature, the adsorbent particle diameter was of 0.855 mm and the flow rate varied from 2 to 4 mL/min. The feed concentration of copper was about 1.57 mmol/L. The bentonite clay used presented a chemical composition according to the most clays of this group. The presence of water in the interlamellar spaces of the clay was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis, where the TG curve indicated a weight loss of 11.5 %. The Fluidgel clay calcined at 750 °C showed a surface area of 11 m2/g, whereas its commercial form presented 58 m2/g. The breakthrough curves obtained at different flow rates showed different behaviors, indicating the effect of diffusional resistances. The flow rate of 2 mL/min was chosen as operating condition, since higher values of metal removal and lower mass transfer zone (MTZ) were obtained. Copyright © 2013, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.3215551560De Almeida, N.A.F., Vieira, M.G.A., Da Silva, M.G.C., Cu(ii) adsorption on modified bentonitic clays: Different isotherm behaviors in static and dynamic systems (2012) Materials Research, 15, pp. 114-124. , DOI: 10.1590/S1516-14392011005000089Bertagnolli, C., Kleinübing, S.J., Da Silva, M.G.C., Preparation and characterization of a brazilian bentonite clay for removal of copper in porous beds (2011) Applied Clay Science, 53, pp. 73-79. , DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2011.05.002Brindley, G.B., Brown, G.E., Crystal structures of clays minerals and their x-ray identification (1980) Mineralogical Society, , London, UKGañán-Gómez, J., MacÍas-García, A., Díaz-Díez, M.A., González-García, C., Sabio-Rey, E., Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from impregnation pitch by zncl2 (2006) Applied Surface Science, 252, pp. 5976-5979. , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.11.011Geankoplis, C.J., (1993) Transport Process and Unit Operatons, , PTR Pretice Hall, USAKimura, S.P.R., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Da Silva, M.G.C., Anthropogenic effects on the water quality at a pond in the amazon region (2011) Chemical Engineering Transactions, 24, pp. 1255-1260. , DOI: 10.3303/CET1124210Nishikawa, E., De Almeida, N.A.F., Vieira, M.G.A., Equilibrium and thermodynamic studies of zinc adsorption on expanded vermiculite (2012) Adsorption Science and Technology, 30, pp. 759-772. , DOI: 10.1260/0263-6174.30.8-9.759Vieira, M.G.A., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Da Silva, M.G.C., Carneiro, C.N., De Filho, A.A.M., Characterization and use of in natura and calcined rice husks for biosorption of heavy metals ions from aqueous effluents (2012) Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 29, pp. 619-634. , DOI: 10.1590/S0104- 66322012000300019Vieira, M.G.A., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Gimenes, M.L., Da Silva, M.G.C., Desulphuration of so2 by adsorption in fluidized bed with zeolite (2011) Chemical Engineering Transactions, 24, pp. 1219-1224. , DOI: 10.3303/CET1124204Vieira, M.G.A., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Da Silva, M.G.C., Carneiro, C.N., De Filho, A.A.M., Influence of the system on adsorption of pb(ii) and cu(ii) by calcined rice husks: Kinetic study (2011) Chemical Engineering Transactions, 24, pp. 1213-1218. , DOI: 10.3303/CET1124203Vieira, M.G.A., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Gimenes, M.L., Da Silva, M.G.C., Removal of nickel on bofe bentonite calcined clay in porous bed (2010) Journal of Hazardous Materials, 176, pp. 109-118. , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.128Vieira, M.G.A., De Almeida Neto, A.F., Gimenes, M.L., Da Silva, M.G.C., Sorption kinetics and equilibrium for the removal of nickel ions from aqueous phase on calcined bofe bentonite clay (2010) Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177, pp. 362-371. , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.040Vijayaranghavan, K., Jegan, J., Palanivelu, K., Velan, M., Biosorption of copper, cobalt and nickel by marine green alga ulva reticulata in a packed column (2005) Chemosphere, 60, pp. 419-426. , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.01