INTERPRETATION OF M - H LOOPS OF PERMANENT MAGNETS CONTAINING TWO HARD-MAGNETIC PHASES

Often M - H hysteresis loops of Nd-Fe-B type materials are constricted or show steps, which is currently ascribed to the presence of a soft-magnetic phase. By means of model calculations with a finite element method it is shown that the typical shape of the hysteresis loop is very sensitive to the relative amount and distribution of the hard and soft-magnetic phases