Weak-lensing-inferred scaling relations of galaxy clusters in the RCS2: mass-richness, mass-concentration, mass-bias, and more

We study a sample of ~104 galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.2 5×1013 h70-1 M⊙, discovered in the second Red-sequence Cluster Survey (RCS2). The depth and excellent image quality of the RCS2 enabled us to detect the cluster-mass cross-correlation up to z ~ 0.7. To obtain cluster masses, concentrations, and halo biases, we fit a cluster halo model simultaneously to the lensing signal and to the projected density profile of red-sequence cluster members, because the latter provides tight constraints on the cluster miscentring distribution. We parametrised the mass-richness relation as M200 = A × (N200/ 20)α and find A =(15.0±0.8)×1013 h70-1 M⊙ and α = 0.73 ± 0.07 at low redshift (0.2 < z < 0.35). At intermediate redshift (0.35 < z < 0.55), we find a higher normalisation, which points towards a fractional increase in the richness towards lower redshift caused by the build-up of the red sequence. The miscentring distribution is well constrained. Only ~30% of our BCGs coincide with the peak of the dark matter distribution. The distribution of the remaining BCGs are modelled with a 2D-Gaussian, whose width increases from 0.2 to 0.4 h70-1 Mpc towards higher masses. The ratio of width and r200 is constant with mass and has an average value of 0.44 ± 0.01. The mass-concentration and mass-bias relations agree fairly well with literature results at low redshift, but have a higher normalisation at higher redshifts, possibly because of selection and projection effects. The concentration of the satellite distribution decreases with mass and is correlated to the concentration of the halo