Seed Dispersal Of Attalea Phalerata (palmae) By Crested Caracaras (caracara Plancus) In The Pantanal And A Review Of Frugivory By Raptors

We observed Crested caracaras (Caracara plancus) consuming and dispersing fruits of the palm Attalea phalerata at Pantanal, Brazil. We reviewed the literature of seed dispersal by raptors and suggest that raptors may affect seed dispersal by three different paths: secondary seed dispersal by preying on frugivorous birds, primary seed dispersal of ornithocoric fruits and primary seed dispersal of large, lipid-rich fruits. The latter path may be an important long-distance seed dispersal mechanism for large seeds.122133135Brown, L.H., Amadon, D., (1968) Eagles, Hawks & Falcons of the World, , Wellfleet Press, New JerseyBrown, L.H., Urban, E.K., Newman, K., (1982) The Birds of Africa, , Academic Press, LondonBuskirk, W.H., Lechner, M., Frugivory by swallow-tailed kites in Costa Rica (1978) Auk, 95, pp. 767-768Carciofi, A.C., Estudos sobre nutrição de psitacídeos em vida livre: O exemplo da Arara-Azul (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) (2002) Ecologia e conservação de psitacídeos no Brasil, , M. 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