Efeito do leite nos níveis teciduais e plasmáticos de macrolídeos: estudo in vivo em ratos

The ingestion of milk with drugs, particularly some antibiotics, is frequently recommended in order to decrease possible gastrointestinal discomfort. The objective of this study was to assess the interference of milk in the absorption and tissue levels of macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin). Forty female rats received surgically-implanted PVC sponges on their backs. One week later, granulomatous tissue was observed and the animals were divided into eight groups, which received erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin with and without milk. One hour after administration of antibiotic, the animals were sacrificed. The serum and tissue samples were submitted to microbiological assay with Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, in order to determine drug concentration. Milk did not cause any reduction in the serum and tissue levels of azithromycin and clarithromycin (p>0.05, β-test). However, ingestion of milk reduced by approximately 28.7% the roxithromycin (p0.05, β-test). However, ingestion of milk reduced by approximately 28.7% the roxithromycin (p0.05, t-test). Por outro lado, a ingestão de leite reduziu em torno de 28,7% a concentração sérica de roxitromicina (p<0.0001, t-test) e em torno de 34,1% a de eritromicina (p<0.0001, t test). Os mesmos resultados foram observados para os níveis teciduais. A ingestão de leite causou uma redução nos níveis teciduais de antibiótico em torno de 20,8% para a roxitromicina (p<0.0001, t-test) e de 40% para a eritromicina (p